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The southwest Sabzevar basin situated in the Sabzevar zone is considered to be an attractive metallogenic province in Iran that hosts both volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS) and stratiform manganese deposits. The Nudeh Besshi-type VMS deposit is located in the Lower Late Cretaceous volcano-sedimentary sequence. The ore mineralization in this deposit is hosted in the alkali olivine basalt flow and tuffaceous silty sandstone rocks. The Nudeh VMS deposit consists of 2 million metric tons of Cu-Zn massive sulfide overlying a Cu-Fe-rich stringer. The massive sulfide orebody consists dominantly of pyrite, chalcopyrite, friedrichite, magnetite, and sphalerite, together with minor quartz, chlorite, and sericite. Chloritization, silicification, and
The stratiform, stratabound Tappehsorkh Zn-Pb (?Ag-Ba) deposit, located in the southeastern part of the Malayer-Esfahan Metallogenic Belt of Iran, formed during Lower Cretaceous back-arc extension. Sulfide mineralization occurs within dolostone, black siltstone, and crystal lithic tuff and andesite associated with the Gushfil-Baghabrisham syn-sedimentary normal fault. Three sulfide ore facies (massive, bedded, and stockwork) occur in the deposit. Sulfide minerals are sphalerite, galena, tetrahedrite and pyrite with minor chalcopyrite and bornite, and gangue minerals are barite, dolomite and quartz. Sulfide mineralization textures are massive, replacement, vein-veinlet, laminated, disseminated, and breccia.Three mineralization stages are dis
The Ab-Bagh clastic- and carbonate-hosted stratabound and stratiform Zn-Pb deposit in the Sanandaj-Sirjan zone, in the southeastern corner of the Malayer-Esfahan metallogenic belt of Iran, is typical of several sedimentary–exhalative (SEDEX) deposits in this metallogenic belt. The deposit is hosted in a late Jurassic-early Cretaceous sedimentary sequence. Based on position, There are two Zn-Pb-bearing stratigraphic ore horizons. Ore horizon 1 is hosted by late Jurassic-early Cretaceous black shale and siltstone. The wedge-shaped ore body is located close to a synsedimentary normal fault. Petrographic studies indicates that mineralization comprises three sulfide ore facies: stockwork, bedded and massive ore facies. Ore horizon 2 occurs in
The Koushk Zn-Pb deposit is the largest known and least deformed and non-metamorphosed Early Cambrian shale-hosted massive sulfide (SHMS) deposit at Central Iran. The current remaining reserves are estimated to be greater than 14 Mt ore, averaging 7% Zn and 1.5% Pb; the primary resources ore of the deposit is estimated to be more than 60 Mt.At this deposit, different hydrothermal ore styles (bedded ore, vent complex, and feeder zone) are well preserved within the Lower Cambrian black siltstones and shales. According to fluid-rock interaction and different ore-forming processes in SHMS systems, these ore facies with extensive hydrothermal alteration provide unique conditions to understand critical textural and geochemical frameworks to prese
Iran is hosting to numerous sediment-hosted stratabound copper (SSC-type) deposits/occurrences. The major structural zones of Iran that host SSC-type deposits are: (1) the Zagros zone, (2) the Tabas Block, (3) the Central Iranian geological and structural gradual zone (CIGS), (4) the Sabzevar zone, and (5) the Kopeh Dagh zone. The SSC-type deposits formed during discrete time periods and in Iran mostly comprise: (1) the Early Cambrian-Ordovician (with the Dehmadan and Khongah deposits in the Zagros zone), (2) the Permian (with the Ghareh Tapeh deposit in the CIGS), (3) the Upper Jurassic (that include Cu mineralizations in the Garedu Red Bed Formation of the Ravar-Tabas-Eshghabad area (RTEA)), (4) the Upper Jurassic to Lower Cretaceous (wit
Iran is hosting to numerous sediment-hosted stratabound copper (SSC-type) deposits/occurrences. The major structural zones of Iran that host SSC-type deposits are: (1) the Zagros zone, (2) the Tabas Block, (3) the Central Iranian geological and structural gradual zone (CIGS), (4) the Sabzevar zone, and (5) the Kopeh Dagh zone. The SSC-type deposits formed during discrete time periods and in Iran mostly comprise: (1) the Early Cambrian-Ordovician (with the Dehmadan and Khongah deposits in the Zagros zone), (2) the Permian (with the Ghareh Tapeh deposit in the CIGS), (3) the Upper Jurassic (that include Cu mineralizations in the Garedu Red Bed Formation of the Ravar-Tabas-Eshghabad area (RTEA)), (4) the Upper Jurassic to Lower Cretaceous (wit
Gardeneh-Shir zinc and lead deposit is located at 38 km southwest of Ardestan in Central Iran. The host rocks of this deposit includes carbonates of Middle Triassic Shotory Formation juxtaposed over Upper Triassic Naiband Formation by thrust faulting. The mineralization in these deposits is in the form of vein-veinlet, breccia and filling of karstic cavities with dolomitization and silicification and mainly controlled by Strike-slip faults with the normal component and normal faults with strike slip component those are cross cutting older generation of thrust faults. The results of fluid inclusion studies of on quartz and dolomite in Gardeneh-Shir deposits Area show a fluid with a salinity of 23.2-18.6% by weight of salt, temperature range
Cretaceous sedimentary sequence in the Yazdan area is consisting of four rock units as, from the old to the new, clastic-carbonate (Kc), carbonate (Kl), Shale and marl (Km) sequences, and Sandy limestone and sandstone (Kls). The Kls unit is host of ore mineralization in the study area and formed from four members. Ore mineralization in the Yazdan Deposit has occurred as a stratiform horizon in the sandstone units of the third member. Texture and structures studies, shown three ore facies with elemental zonation in the Yazdan Deposit. These ore facies includes, stringer zone, massive ore facies and the bedded ore facies. This ore facies formed from laminated and layered sulfide and sulfate minerals. Fluid inclusions studies represents 255-13
IntroductionThe Ab-Bagh Zn-Pb deposit is located in the southeastern part of the Malayer-Esfahan metallogenic belt (MEMB). A large number of Zn-Pb deposits in the MEMB (approximately 170 deposits), are hosted by early Cretaceous carbonate rocks, and few of them are hosted by Jurassic detrital and organic matter-rich sedimentary rocks. In this study, we present the results obtained from fieldwork, ore and host rock petrographic studies, main oxides, trace and rare earth elements analysis and chemistry of sulfide minerals.Method and MaterialThis study focused on the geochemistry of both of the two ore-bearing horizons that constitute the Ab-Bagh deposit (12 samples). Trace and rare earth elements analysis were conducted using an Agilent 7500c
There are a lot of manganese (Mn) deposits and numerous mineral occurrences of this type of mineralization in Iran. The major tectonic/structural zones of Iran that host manganese deposits are: (1) Urumieh-Dokhtar magmatic assemblage (UDMA), (2) the Central Iran (CI), (3) the Sabzevar zone (SZ), (4) the Alborz magmatic belt (AMB), and (5) the Cretaceous ophiolites. These manganese deposits were formed during discrete time periods: (1) Late Neoproterozoic-Early Cambrian (Narigan and Halab deposits in the CI), (2) Jurassic (Halalan deposit in the SZ), (3) Cretaceous (Mn mineralizations in the Late Cretaceous volcano-sedimentary sequence of southwest Sabzevar basin in the SZ, Nasirabad, Abadeh-Tashk, Alashtar, Sorkhvand, Esfandagheh, Benvid, G
The Barika deposit is the first documented auriferous Kuroko-type volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS) deposit in Iran. It is hosted in meta-andesites of the Sanandaj-Sirjan metamorphic Zone (SSZ). The mineralization and host rocks have been metamorphosed to lower greenschist facies. The deposit has Au and Ag grades in the stratiform lens averaging 3.5 and 175 g/t, respectively, and contains 2.3 tonnes of Au and 143 tonnes of Ag. The base metal (Pb + Zn + Cu) content of the deposit is low (<1 wt%). The stratiform part of the Barika deposit is approximately 150 m long and up to 20 m thick, and consists of massive to semi-massive sulfides, some of which are banded, which are overlain by barite and siliceous exhalites. The >200??
The Malayer-Esfahan Metallogenic belt (MEMB), in the southwestern Iran, contains numerous different types of the sediment-hosted Zn-Pb (?Ba?Ag), volcanic-sediment hosted Zn-Pb ? Ba, sideritic Fe-Mn-Pb (?Ba?Cu), and barite mineralizations. These deposits are hosted mostly in Jurassic shales and sandstones and in Early to Late Cretaceous carbonates and siltstones with minor volcanic rocks. In contrast to the orogenic-related Mississippi Valley type (MVT) deposits, the MEMB deposits formed in an extensional back-arc environment and are characterized by their stratabound and stratiform orebodies. In these deposits, silicification and dolomitization (? sericitization) are the main wall-rock alteration styles. The presence of primary laminate
Barika gold (and silver)-rich volcanogenic massive sulfide deposit is located 18 km east of Sardasht in the northwestern Sanandaj–Sirjan metamorphic zone. The rocks in the vicinity of the Barika deposit predominantly consist of Cretaceous volcano-sedimentary sequences of phyllite, slate, andesite and tuffite, metamorphosed under greenschist facies grade. The Barika deposit is composed of stratiform ore and stringer zone which both are hosted in an altered and sheared meta-andesite unit. The stratiform ore, approximately 150 m long and up to 20 m thick consists of sulfide and barite ores associated with lesser amounts of silica bands. Fluid inclusion studies indicate that quartz (stringer zone) and barite (stratiform ore) samples homogeniz