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In this study, a nanocarrier was prepared for targeted delivery of doxorubicin (DOX), as a drug model, to cancer cells. To this end, nontoxic Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) were first synthesized by the co-precipitation method. The NPs then underwent surface functionalization by hydrophilic and biocompatible polyethylene glycol (PEG) to improve their stability. The Fe3O4@PEG was eventually decorated by graphene quantum dots (GQDs) for imparting specific optical properties and increase its drug loading capacity. The obtained nanocarriers (Fe3O4@PEG@GQD) exhibited low toxicity, hydrodynamic diameter of 129 nm, and a drug loading content of 27%, along with superior superparamagnetic properties. Also, the morphology of nanocarrier was surveyed by
Absorbable sutures are widely used in surgery. In addition to acceptable mechanical properties, the surgical sutures should exhibit favorable degradability properties. In this research, the mechanical and thermal properties, hydrophilicity, biodegradability, pH changes, and drug release profile of polylactic acid (PLA) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) alloy were examined to fabricate absorbable sutures. The test results for the mechanical properties showed that the strength of the PLA/PEG alloy decreased with increasing PEG content, leading to an increase in elongation. The differential thermal analysis indicated that the resulting material was above its glass transition temperature (Tg) at ambient temperature and was thus flexible enough. Acc
The present study was aimed to evaluate in vitro antioxidant and antibacterial activities of fractions derived from white leg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) head wastes hydrolysate. The shrimp waste hydrolysate (SWH) was generated using alcalase 2.4?L and sequentially fractionated using 3, 10, and 30?kDa molecular weight cut‐offs ultrafilters (Amicon?). The following permeates of P <3, 3< P <10, and 10
Objective: Transforming growth factor beta/single mothers against decapentaplegic (TGFβ/SMAD) signaling pathway plays important roles in various biological processes. It acts as a tumor suppressor during the early stages of cancer progression. Discovering the regulators of this pathway provides important options for therapeutic strategies. Here, we searched for candidate microRNAs (miRNAs) that potentially target the critical components of the TGFβ signaling pathway.Materials and Methods: In the current experimental study, we first predicted miRNAs that target TGFβ components using a bioinformatics software. After that, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to detect the expression of miR-587, TGFBR2, SMAD4,
Aims: Since one of the main problems in bone tissue repair is bacterial infections, recently the development of drug-eluting nanocomposite scaffolds for bone regenerative medicine applications has attracted significant attention. Materials & Methods: In the present study, polycaprolactone (PCL)-based composite scaffolds containing 10% V titanium dioxide nanoparticles (21nm), and bioactive glass particles (6?m), were prepared without drug and also loaded by tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) antibiotic (0.57 and 1.15 mg/mL) through solvent casting method for bone tissue engineering applications. Structural characterizations based on scanning electron microscopy and FTIR analysis were utilized to study the chemical bonds of glass/ceramic partic
Background: Cell penetrating peptides (CPPs) can enter a cell through the cell membrane, and used in the fields of drug delivery, gene therapy, and cancer therapy by their property transporting various molecules into cytoplasm. Gold nanospheres (GNSs) are a useful tool for molecular imaging, because they are not cytotoxic and have high solubility, excellent light scattering property and ease of synthesis. We constructed a drug delivery system by developing gold nanospheres conjugated to MCa UF1-9-C, a CPP derived from maurocalcine (MCa) scorpion toxin. We examined the applicability of this cell-selective anti-cancer drug delivery system by evaluating its cell-penetrating and cell death activities.Methods: Cell viability of HeLa and MDA-MB-2
Background: Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) have used to sensitize cancer cells and enhance the absorbed dose delivered to such cells. Active targeting can provide speci c effect and higher uptake of the GNPs in the tumor cells, while having small effect on healthy cells. The aim of this study was to assess possible radiosensitiazation effect of conjugation of the GNPs with AS1411 aptamer (AS1411/GNPs) on cancer cells treated with 4 MeV electron beams.Materials and Methods: Cytotoxicity studies of the GNPs and AS1411/GNPs were carried out with MTT and MTS assay in different cancer cell lines of MCF-7, MDA-MB-231 and mammosphere of MCF-7 cells. Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) con rmed the cellular uptake of the gold particles. Radiosensitizin
Additive manufacturing techniques have evolved novel opportunities for the fabrication of highly porous composite scaffolds with well‐controlled and interconnected pore structures which is notably important for tissue engineering. In this work, poly (ε‐caprolactone) (PCL)‐based composite scaffolds (average pore diameter of 450 μm and strut thickness of 400 μm) reinforced with 10 vol% bioactive glass particles (BG; ∼6 μm) or TiO2 nanoparticles (∼21 nm), containing different concentrations of tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) as an antimicrobial agent, were prepared by 3D printing. In order to investigate the effect of fabrication process and scaffold geometry on the biocompatibility, drug release kinetics, and antibac
Detection of the apoptosis signature becomes central in understanding cell death modes. We present here a whole-cell biosensor that detects Apaf-1 association and apoptosome formation using a split-luciferase complementary assay. Fusion of N-terminal (Nluc) and C-terminal (Cluc)-fragments of firefly luciferase to the N-terminus of human Apaf-1 was performed in HEK293 cells by using CRISPR-Cas9 technology. This resulted in a luminescent form of the apoptosome that we named ‘Lumiptosome’. During Apaf-1 gene editing, a high number of knock-in events were observed without selection, suggesting that the Apaf-1 locus is important for the integration of exogenous transgenes. Since activation of caspase-9 is directly dependent on the apoptosom
A bimetallic nanostructure of Co/Cu for the non-enzymatic determination of glucose is presented. The heterostructure includes cobalt thin film on a porous array of Cu nanocolumns. Glancing angle deposition (GLAD) method was used to grow Cu nanocolumns directly on a fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrate. Then a thin film of cobalt was electrodeposited on the Cu nanostructures. Various characterization studies were performed in order to define the optimum nanostructure for the determination of glucose. The results showed remarkable boosting of the electrocatalytic activity of Co/Cu bimetallic structure compare to the responses achieved by the monometallic structures of Co or Cu. The sensor showed two linear response ranges for the determi
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a fatal, devastating, rapidly progressive, adult onset neurodegenerative disease, which is involved in the formation of proteinaceous virulent aggregates from superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) as a Cu/Zn metalloenzyme in motor neurons. However, the particular mechanism of mutant SOD1 toxicity has remained elusive. Here, we use complementary biochemical and biophysical methods to investigate thermodynamic parameters of wild-type (WT), E100K and D125H mutants in both metal-free (apo) and metalized (holo) forms of SOD1, to find out if there is any relationship between the structural/thermodynamic stability with aggregation propensity in apo and holo forms of WT/mutant SOD1 variants. Also, in this study