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The foie gras is an emblematic product of French gastronomy composed of waterfowl fatty liver. The organoleptic qualities of this product depend on the liver characteristics such as liver weight (LW) and technological yield (TY) at cooking. One of the main issues for producers is to classify the foie gras with high or low technological quality before cooking them. Thus the study aims at identifying biomarkers of these characteristics with non-invasive biomarkers in duck. 1H-NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance of the proton) analyses were performed on plasma of male mule ducks at different time points during the overfeeding period to obtain a large range of liver characteristics so as to identify plasmatic biomarkers of foie gras. We used two me
Heat stress, or hyperthermia, can have a serious effect on chicken performance in poultry industry in many parts of the world. Both genetics and environment play key role in the performance of a chicken and, therefore, it is important to consider both factors in addressing heat stress. On genetics level, genome-wide association studies have become a popular method for studying heat stress in recent years. A population of 202 F2 chickens was reared for 84 days to find genes and genomic regions affecting growth traits and immune system. But, due to unexpected acute increase in temperature at day 83, 182 birds died (case) and 20 birds remained alive (control). At the age of 70 days, blood sample of all birds was collected to extract their DNA,
Genomic markers play an important role in tracing the flow of genetic causality of observable signals in animals and plants. In farm animals, the participation of male animals in the gene pool of subsequent generations are much higher than female animals and testes are the most important organs of the male reproductive system. This study was conducted to investigate simple sequence repeats (SSR) within the expressed sequence tags (ESTs) in order to classify the Bos taurus testis tissue’s genes for their relationship and specificity with related reproductive domains. A total of 48,549 publicly available EST sequences from cattle testis tissue downloaded from GenBank database, out of which, 10,237 sequences that their library made from test
In order to find SNPs and genes affecting shank traits, we performed a GWAS in a chicken F2 population of eight half‐sib families from five hatches derived from reciprocal crosses between an Arian fast‐growing line and an Urmia indigenous slow‐growing chicken. A total of 308 birds were genotyped using a 60K chicken SNP chip. Shank traits including shank length and diameter were measured weekly from birth to 12?weeks of age. A generalized linear model and a compressed mixed linear model (CMLM) were applied to achieve the significant regions. The value of the average genomic inflation factor (λ statistic) of the CMLM model (0.99) indicated that the CMLM was more effective than the generalized linear model in controlling the population
Dysmenorrhea is known as painful menstruation with considerable effects on women's mental status and quality of life with some limits for treatment. The objective of this prospective case series was to evaluate effects of Saussurea Costus (Qost) oil, an Iranian Traditional Medicine (Persian Medicine) product, on the primary dysmenorrhea. In this case series, 13 patients were included to study and treated with local Qost oil for 6 weeks. The oil was rubbed (without massage) 15 drops every 12 hours to the sub-navel region until pubis. The improvement of dysmenorrhea, evaluated with VAS score based on the last periodic cycle before the study and the last cycle after the completion of the intervention, which continued 6 weeks (at least one peri
BACKGROUND: Animal breeds are often recognized through their specific characteristics, nevertheless, the breeds' anatomical and biochemical characteristics have not considered yet in many of the researches done on one-humped camels. There are some particular differences in camel breeds due to different climate conditions and rearing necessity. OBJECTIVES: The aim of the current study was to compare differences in anatomical and plasma biochem- ical parameters of two Iranian one-humped camels, the Jammaz (racing) and Balouchi (dual-purpose) breeds. METHODS: Anatomical parameters were body length (BL), neck length (NL), chest girth (CG), barrel girth (BG), hump circumference (HC), fore limb length (FLL), hind limb length (HLL), height at hump
The aim of this study was the investigation of gene expression profile in Shal sheep ovarian tissue using RNA sequencing data. For this?purpose, the ovaries of five Shal sheep were isolated after estrous synchronization and their RNA was sequenced using Illumina Hiseq 4000?technology. On average, the data obtained from the sequencing consisted of 26638311 read pairs with 81.08 unique mapping rate. The results?of bioinformatic analyzes revealed the expression of 21085 genes in Shal sheep ovarian tissue, of which 15078 genes had expression mean?above 10. Gene ontology analysis revealed the significant enrichment of 162 GO terms including 41 biological processes, 46 molecular?functions and 75 cellular components. KEGG pathway analysis also ide
Congenital or acquired obstruction is the most common anomaly of nasolacrimal duct (NLD). NLD obstruction (NLDO) is one of the most common problems in pediatric ophthalmology. Some symptoms of NLDO are seen in 6-20% of infants. NLDO creates two problems; first is disruption in the flow of tears that is due to epiphora. Another is the infection leading to stasis of fluid in the lacrimal system. Surgery is the choice treatment of chronic congenital NLDO in the refractory infants to massage and antibiotics. Dam-e is a watery discharge of eyes that has different reasons in Persian Medicine (PM). Based on the symptoms which was seen in patients with NLDO, it could be one of the subgroups of Dam-e. Conforming to Persian Medicine, residue of mater
Congenital or acquired obstruction is the most common anomaly of nasolacrimal duct (NLD). NLD obstruction (NLDO) is one of the most common problems in pediatric ophthalmology. Some symptoms of NLDO are seen in 6-20% of infants. NLDO creates two problems; first is disruption in the flow of tears that is due to epiphora. Another is the infection leading to stasis of fluid in the lacrimal system. Surgery is the choice treatment of chronic congenital NLDO in the refractory infants to massage and antibiotics. Dam-e is a watery discharge of eyes that has different reasons in Persian Medicine (PM). Based on the symptoms which was seen in patients with NLDO, it could be one of the subgroups of Dam-e. Conforming to Persian Medicine, residue of mater
ObjectiveReliable information about the demographics and population structure of endangered species is important for conservation strategies. In this regard, the population structure and genetic diversity of three Iranian cattle breeds were investigated.MethodsThe samples included Sarabi (n= 213), Taleshi (n= 81), and Nejdi (n= 211). They were genotyped using BovineSNP40 BeadChip. In addition, 45 Holstein (Bos taurus) and 46 Brahman (Bos indicus) out-group samples were used. Principal component analysis (PCA) and discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC) were used to study the population structure.ResultsBased on Bayesian information criterion (BIC), the optimal number of clusters for DAPC method was obtained equal to seven. The
The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of two plant extracts as alternatives to dietary antibiotics in broiler chickens exposed to low ambient temperature. A total of 300 one-day-old male broiler chickens were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments (5 replicate pens; 15 broiler chickens each) which consisted of starter (d 0 to 10), and grower (d 10 to 28) diets. Dietary treatments included a basal diet (negative control, NC) and three similar diets that were either supplemented with 200 mg/kg of Prosopis farcta extract (PFE), Rhus coriaria L. extract (RCE) or an antibiotic premix containing oxytetracycline (positive control, PC). In order to simulate low ambient temperature, room temperature was maintained at 32?C
Lactobacilli, like the other gut commensal bacteria , are well known for their use in poultry nutrition and for their probiotic propertie s. However, little is known about their interaction with the gastro-intestinal tract when a dministered in vivo . To specifically monitor the passage of lactobacilli after administe red in hatchery, Lactobacillus plantarum was transformed with the recombinant vector pLEM41 5::gfp. A total of 200 one-day old chicks (ROSS 308) were assigned to five experimental groups including the control and four in-hatchery probiotic administrati on method groups comprised of in ovo injection, oral gavage, spray, and vent lip applica tion.
1. In order to identify loci associated with metabolic traits, a genome-wide association study was carried out in a chicken F2 population derived from a reciprocal cross between Iranian Urmia indigenous chickens and Arian broiler line using Illumina 60K Chicken single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) BeadChip.2. Six traits including plasma level of triglycerides (TGs), cholesterol (Chol), glucose (Glu), total protein, albumin (Alb) and globulin (Glo) were recorded. The association between the identified SNPs and metabolic traits was estimated by general linear model (GLM) and compressed mixed linear model (CMLM).3. A total of 38 SNPs were identified at the genome-wide significant and suggestive levels, of which 5 SNPs reached a 5% Bonferroni g