access deny [1301]
access deny [1026]
The aim of this study was the investigation of non-destructive lipid extraction from Chlorella vulgaris grown under stress conditions of nutrient limitation and salinity. To select a suitable solvent for extraction, the performances of decane, dodecane and hexadecane were tested based on their effect on lipid extraction and cell viability. The results showed that dodecane was the most suitable solvent for the extraction process. The concentration of extracted lipids from stressed cells was 2762.52???11.38?mg L−1, i.e. a value 1.75 times higher than that obtained from unstressed cells. Long-term extraction was also evaluated with continuous dodecane recirculation during five-stage extraction and a recovery time of 24?h between the extracti
The success of a dairy herd depends on milk production. Prediction of future records can reduce recording time, accelerate the computation of genetic evaluations, decrease generation interval, and increase genetic progress. Multiple linear regression (MLR) is the most common prediction method. However, artificial neural networks (ANN) can handle complex linear and non-linear functions to solve a wide range of prediction problems. In this study, MLR and ANN models were applied to the prediction of 305-day milk production in the first and second lactations of dairy cows using variables related to milk production, test-day records and estimated breeding values (EBVs). The 305-day first lactation records were also used to predict 305-day second
Finding an eco-friendly process for the decolorization of distillery wastewaters is a major concern. This study shows that the Chlorella vulgaris CCAP 211/19 strain can be used for color removal and direct production of oleaginous biomass. A response surface method was used for determining optimal operating conditions, including the dilution factor of industrial wastewater. The highest daily light supply values were the most efficient for color removal. The analysis of the microalgae physiological status confirmed that these colored waters could have a photoprotective action. Moreover, the increase in photosystem 2 activities of C. vulgaris CCAP 211/19 strain after short-term incubations in the presence of a synthetic melanoidin confirmed t
Herein, polyaniline (PANI) with tuning morphology was in-situ synthesized within bacterial cellulose (BC)/silver nanoparticles hydrogels (AgNPs) that were prepared by green hydrothermal reduction method in different molarity of 0.01 and 0.25 of HCl solution along with the presence of polyethylene glycol (PEG). The synthesis of PANI in the presence of PEG in 0.01?M HCl led to the formation of rose-like morphology within nanocomposite aerogels with a size of 1.5–5.2?μm. All aerogels had the porosity and shrinkage of higher than 80% and lower than 10%, respectively. Rheology results showed a higher value of storage modulus (G′) than that of loss modulus (G″) for all samples over the whole frequency regime. It confirmed by the loss facto
Using nanotechnology to increase the recovery of oil reservoirs can be a good way to meet energy demand, in order to increase oil production and reduce production costs. Biotechnology of nanoparticles using microorganisms as an environmentally friendly research field in nanotechnology around the world is a rapid development and is considered as a substitute for conventional and physical chemical methods. Optimizing processes can lead to morphology, control of the size and speed of nanoparticle synthesis reactions. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to build a reflection on the current status and future projects, and in particular the feasibility and limitations of the biotechnology approach proposed in the oil industry. In this rese
Electroplating sludge is classified by environmental agencies as a hazardous waste, the disposal of which can be a serious environmental concern. In the present study, the recovery of Ni and Cr from chromium-rich electroplating sludge was conducted using the filtrated culture of Aspergillus niger for the first time. Pulp density, leaching temperature, and leaching duration were identified as variables affecting the recovery optimization. Leaching temperature of 66 ?C, leaching duration of 1 day, and pulp density of 10 g/L were found as the optimal conditions. Under optimum conditions, Cr and Ni recoveries were 53% and 95.7%, respectively. Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure and Synthetic Precipitation Leaching Procedure tests sho
Bacillus licheniformis LMG 7559, which is capable of producing extracellular poly gamma- (glutamic acid) (PGA), was provided for the biopolymer synthesis. Using a modified PGA medium for PGA production, the isolated biopolymer, undergone dialysis process mainly for desalination and removal of other impurities. The bacteria produced high molecular weight biopolymers with a weight average molecular weight (M̅n) of 1.6?× 105?g/mole identified by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). Furthermore, GPC analysis was utilized to determine the poly-dispersity of PGA as well as molecular weight variation by cultivation time. The heavy weight fraction of 1.85?× 105?g/mole with poly-dispersity index of 7.42 was distinguished. For the extracted and
The non-thermal plasma (NTP) is a superior proposed method for nitric oxide removal because of operation at atmospheric pressure and ambient temperature. The energy consumption is the main challenge of using this technology. The packed plasma reactor with dielectric materials has been extensively investigated; it has higher energy efficiency. In this study, the energy efficiency and the other effectiveness factors in nitric oxide removal by NTP reactor packed with ceramic and glass beads optimized and modeled using Response Surface Methodology. The findings showed the maximum energy efficiency was 132.69g/J in the optimal conditions of initial concentration, gas flowrate, and duty cycle (voltage) equal to 1050 ppm, 2.5 L/min, and 9%(22KV),
Given the great demand for biopolymer and protein-based products from renewable resources, synthesis of a keratin-based hydrogel is presented herein. In this work, a novel hydrogel of poly(γ-glutamic acid) (γ-PGA) and keratin was synthesized through facile EDC?HCl/HOBt chemistry. Since keratin main chain is rich in amino side groups, carboxyl groups in γ-PGA were crosslinked with multi terminated amine groups in keratin. In the following, the hydrogel characteristics, including swelling ratio (2010% at molar ratio of HOBt/EDC = 0.105), in vitro degradation and mass loss (about 20% at day 21 for the aforementioned sample), chemical decomposition and the rheological properties were investigated. The chemical activator agents, enhanced
This present study aimed to evaluate the bioenergy potential of abundant biological waste generated in the process of producing bio-product via pyrolysis for the first time. These bio-wastes were selected from the effluents in the ethanol, butanol, acetic acid and lactic acid production plants which mostly included bacterial biomass (BB). We used FTIR spectroscopy for the simultaneous, qualitative analysis of bio-macromolecular components and specific functional groups in BB such as proteins (1700–1500?cm−1), lipids (3000–2800?cm−1), and carbohydrates (1200–900?cm−1). The pyrolytic behavior of the BB has been studied using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The thermo-kinetic studies were conducted using iso-conversional methods
Bioreactors are used in many biochemical industries to produce commercial life products such as medicines, enzymes, perfumes, paints and antibiotics. In the presented study, a specially shaped bioreactor has been designed, built and operated to increase the mass transfer coefficient. The constructed bioreactor, according to type of microorganisms, can provide high amounts of oxygen or carbon dioxide. Moreover, the manuscript was aimed at investigating the hydrodynamic properties of the bioreactor. The bioreactor was constructed from three parts including shower in upper part, middle section for mass transfer and bottom section as a reservoir. Liquid flow rate, shower holes diameter, aeration velocity and the middle part height of the biorea
Sub-atmospheric vapor pipeline (SAVP) transfer is a new trend for water desalination that transports vapor from a warm area to a cold area, with many benefits. The theory, experiments, and field calcula- tions of SAVP transfer for seawater desalination have been studied. The theory of this study has been based on the transmission line and mass and energy balance of a compressible fluid. In the laboratory section, equipped with a heating and an evaporating system for saline water (three salinities levels), a transmission line (three diameters) with different temperatures of the warm and the cold sources were employed on vapor transfer experiments. In the field section, vapor transmission with 1, 2, and 4 m diameters were studied with
Objective The combinational therapy is often considered as a desire in chemotherapy despite some limitations. This study aimed to encapsulate two natural-based drugs, curcumin (CUR), and piperine (PIP) into highly biocompatible albumin nanoparticles for anticancer applications. Significance A simultaneous exertion of CUR and PIP in a biocompatible drug delivery system with the minimum side effects and no limitations was achievable in this work for cancer treatment. Methods Curcumin and piperine co-loaded human serum albumin nanoparticles (CUR-PIP-HSA-NPs) were synthesized by the self-
In this paper, equilibrium thermodynamics of sub-atmospheric vapor pipeline (SAVP), that is, one of the seawater desalination methods is analyzed in theory and application in a natural field. SAVP occurs based on the temperature difference between a warm source and a cold environment. The energy consumption for this method is close to zero and has great potential for large-scale applications. However, for this method, there is no thermodynamic analysis and formulations including calculations of energies, entropy estimation, temperature profiles, and the most important issue, that is, determination of pressure drop (which is the main motivation of vapor transfer), in scientific sources. Fluid unknowns including T(x), P(x), V(x), and p(x) ar
Background: Intraosseous stab wounds are extremely rare. Only a few cases have been reported in the upper extremity.Case Report: In this report, we presented a case of stab wound to the right shoulder with penetration to the scapula. The patient was successfully managed in a team-based approach. During a 12-month follow-up, he showed no abnormality in passive and active movements or physical examination.Conclusion: Relying on the physical examinations and paraclinical studies may be an appropriate substitution for exploration surgery when possible iatrogenic injuries may affect the patient's quality of life.
Background: Dislocation of total hip arthroplasty (THA) needs prompt intervention and reduction either closed or open. It is unusual to left THA dislocated. Hence in this study, the outcomes of neglected prosthesis after THA were determined.Methods: In this case series study, 15 neglected cases of total hips which had been left unreduced for long time (more than 3 months) were assessed. Cause of postponing reduction, femoral side and acetabular side defects, approach and type of revised prosthesis, Harris hip score (HHS), and other complications were studied.Results: The results in this study demonstrated that financial issues were the cause of delayed attempt for treatment in 5 cases and the other 10 cases had delay for treatment, because
Background: During the outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Sina Hospital in Tehran, Iran, dedicated a majority of its facilities and workforce to fight this crisis. Meanwhile, our academic trauma center continued to admit emergency trauma patients.Case Report: In this case series, we tried to discuss five previously healthy trauma patients who underwent orthopedic surgery and were diagnosed with COVID-19 later. Also, we described our detailed protocol for the management of orthopedic patients during the pandemic. Conclusion: During COVID-19 time, we continued to provide our best service to the trauma patients while keeping our personnel as far as possible from direct contact with the patients until it was necessary.
In the present research work, a machine learning tool based on the gradient boosted regression trees (GBRT) was used to predict the HHV of biomass. Data of 511 biomass samples were used to develop GBRT for prediction of HHV by utilizing proximate analysis. The values of mean absolute percentage error, root-mean-square error, and the determination coefficient for the developed model were 3.783%, 0.946, and 0.93, respectively, which represents high precision of HHV predictive capability. By comparing the models used to predict HHV, it was proved that the proposed model is better than the models found in literature so far.
This study was aimed to evaluate bio-hydrogen production from sugarcane vinasse by the mixed culture enriched through controlling operational parameters in an Anaerobic Sequencing Batch Reactor (AnSBR), as well as determining the effect of the sugarcane vinasse concentration on hydrogen production and the critical kinetic analysis. The Volumetric Hydrogen Production Rate (VHPR) of 28.1 mL H2/L h at the substrate concentration of 10 g COD/L was obtained in biomass enriching step. In batch tests, the increase in substrate concentration ranging from 1.70 to 11.60 g COD/L caused an increase in Hydrogen Yield (HY); however, it had a negative effect on HY at the substrate concentrations of higher than 11.60 g COD/L. The maximum HY in te
Biomass energy has great potential to create significant impacts on the most pressing development challenges of rural poverty and environmental damage. Iran's agricultural residues have the potential to generate a sustainable source of biomass. One method of sustainable biomass energy production is gasification. The objective of the present study is to develop a stoichiometric equilibrium model for the prediction of energy production of gasification. The model was validated with experimental data in order to determine the syngas composition. The RMSE of the modified model was ranged from 0.571 to 1.10. Subsequently, the effects of parameters of operating conditions on the performance of gasification were evaluated to determine its optimal p