Department of Quranic Sciences and Islamic Traditions (2009 - Present)
Quran and Hadith Sciences
, Tarbiat Modares University,
Quran and Hadith Sciences
, University of Tehran, Iran
Quran and Hadith Sciences
, University of Tehran, Iran
Dating fabricated traditions provides valuable information about social, political and cultural conditions of first centuries of Islamic society. One sample of false traditions is prophetic traditions which implied that the prophet prayed for whom were accursed by him in Sunni collections of Hadith. This article using content analysis and different methods of dating traditions, indicates historical and geographical origin of these hadiths and their forgers’ intellectual, political and social tendencies. In gathering information library method and in investigating the data analytical and descriptive methods were used. By the end of the third century these traditions are contained in 16 sunni sources. The findings show that these traditions
Hadith is considered by Muslims as one of the most important sources of religious teachings and rules of Sharia, and the validity of the Hadith means that it is correctly attributed to its main speaker, Muslims have examined the authenticity of the Hadiths, not determined the date of their origin. However, correcting or falsifying a Hadith is implicitly related to the issue of time. Counting correctly means accepting the issuance at the time of main speaker, but there are two possibilities in ruling that the narration is fake: being made by a person at the time of the main speaker; Forgery at a later time. Western scholars consider Hadith as a historical source and the important issue for them is to determine the temporal and spatial origin
Knowledge of the history of ideas inevitably leads any researcher to the centers of its birth. Therefore, researching the history of Shiite thought and course requires familiarity and analysis of its fields of thought. Meanwhile, the Shiite hadith field in Baghdad had a special place in the production of science and teaching scholars. In the present study, the establishment of this seminary and its development stages until the end of the third century, as well as the performance of the Baghdad seminary in three areas of learning, compiling works and transmitting the writings of the past are reviewed, explained and analyzed. According to the findings of this study, the history of the scientific movement of the Shiites of Baghdad often goes b
The collection of ancient sources, which have not come to us in the course of centuries, Among the later versions has long been busy the minds and the power of intellectuals. Sa'd al-Su'ud, who has a list of Ibn Tavus's personal library, has played a special role in rebuilding old books. The excerpts that he has quoted from each book, with detailed references and the introduction of the physical nature of the editions that were available until the seventh century, will be of help in restoring resources. The symmetry of the book was marked by the Mongol invasion, which destroyed many valuable Islamic culture resources. This research, which has been done with content analysis method and comparison of the characteristics of Sa'd al-Su'ud list
The proper translation of sentences from one language into the other is of utmost importance and, in order to accomplish this, the translator should not merely translate the words directly to the target language. Rather it is necessary to consider the concept of conditional sentences in the source language, then the closest structure that makes the same sense in the target language has to be chosen. This is important in translation of the conditional sentences of the Holy Quran into English, due to some differences in the structure of the two languages and the capacity of the target language, and it requires more precision from the translator. In this research, it has been tried to use the descriptive-analytical method to study the various
، Abdullāh Ibn، Abbās is one of the well-known companions of the Prophet Muḥammad (pbuh) and outstanding exegetist. His popularity in the realm of interpretation has led to his attribution to narration of untruthful and contradictory traditions, like fasting traditions. Based on library method and data analysis, this research has unraveled the contradiction of fasting traditions; which some parts of them are related to abrogation and non–abrogation of verse 184 of Sūrah al-Baqarah (The Cow) and some are about breaking fast and not-breaking while traveling and has concluded that traditions denoting non–abrogation of aforesaid verse and traditions denoting necessity of breaking fast while traveling, are preferred because of the con
Most exegetes implicitly or explicitly believe in two occurrences of the Blowing the Trumpet (indicating the death and then the coming to life of all beings) at the end of the world. There is another group of exegetes, however, who maintain that the Qur’anic ayahs speak of three blows and there are also few exegetes who believe in the occurrence of four blows. There is thus controversy about the order of the events occurring on the threshold of Qiyama (resurrection). The present descriptive-analytical study aims to analyze the textual context of the ayahs of Blowing the Trumpet and demonstrate a clear picture of the number of blows and their consequent events so that it would eventually answer the question that which viewpoint of the exeg
The prophet (pbuh) and his descendants are the real interpreters of the word of God, and the remarks quoted from them serve as a source of rules and principles of how to interpret the Quran. Since there is no complete interpretation of the Quran left behind by those saints, it seems necessary to derive certain interpretation principles from the sources at hand. Of 3786 quotations reported by Koleyni in his book ‘Osoul-e Kafi’, 678 are the interpretation of Quranic verses and words. Through a descriptive-analytic method, this study examines those Quranic items and presents a dichotomy of the interpretation principles used in them. The first type includes basic principles referring to the intelligibility of the Quran for everybody, the ab
The study of the Qur’an, especially due to the common subjects with the content of the former scriptures, has always been of interest for Orientalists. As the way in which the Qur’anic verses and their content composition are in contrast to the pattern of both Testaments, the most distinctive style of the Qur’an, which is presented unconventionally at the first glance, is its incoherence and lack of apparent coherence. In this research, the historical process of the western approaches on the coherence of the Qur’an, as well as, the characteristics, factors and backgrounds of these approaches are studied and analyzed. The chronological evolution shows a three-stage process: the complete negation of the coherence of the Qur’an, the
The ancient legacy is rich in information that clarifies the core of the formation of various sciences. The author of Abū ʻUbaydah Maʻmar ibn al-Muthann? al-Taymī is one of the most important works of literary and linguistic research that has had a great impact on the subsequent work This research has been conducted through an in-text and outsourced approach to analyze the perceived concept and its functions in the virtual world. From the point of view of external textual analysis, considering the time of its emergence, the cultural situation and the author's motivation, one can find an accurate analysis of the scientists' view of the effect of scientific and scientific support for introspection analysis. From the internal point of view
Several scholars of Islam have paid particular attention to the authorship, date of composition and typology of an abridged but comprehensive commentary on the Qurʾān. This commentary has been attributed to numerous authors throughout the course of history with such titles as Tafsīr al-Kalbī, Tafsīr al-Wāḍiḥ, Tafsīr Ibn ʿAbbās, and Tanwīr al-Miqbās min Tafsīr Ibn ʿAbbās. Evidence suggests that the original title of this tafsīr is al-Wāḍiḥ. However, in the introduction of the manuscript of al-Wāḍiḥ in Leiden the author claims that al-Wāḍiḥ is a summary of Tafsīr al-Kalbī. In this article further evidence for the determination of the author of the work is analysed. In addition it will demonstrate the relati
Identifying the early written scholarly sources is an issue of great use and so an important albeit complicated and difficult one. Fuat Sezgin proposed and applied a systematic method for identifying the sources of early literature. This method has had many advantages but some criticisms have been directed at it as well. The origin of some of these criticisms is the lack of some information in Sunni bibliography literature. However the important information found in Tūsi’s and Najjashi’s Fihrists may be useful in improving Seguin’s method and identifying the sources of later works. In this paper we focus on Hossein ibn Sa'id’s Kitab al-Zuhd and illustrate the great use of Tūsi’s and Najjashi’s Fihrists in improving Sezgin’s
Considering the importance of Prophet Ibrahim as the founder of three monotheistic religions, orientalists in various works have addressed various aspects of the life of this prophet. Sprenger pointed out for the first time to the difference between the figure of Abraham in the Meccan and Medinan chapters, and the relation between Abraham and Mecca is myth. Hurgronje inspired by him, expanded this idea and by reconstructing Abraham's story in the Qur'an based on the historical sequence, the transformation of Abraham's figure into these surahs, In particular, the emphasis on the "mila’t Ibrahim", "Abraham's relationship with the construction of the Ka'bah and the ritual of Hajj," "the connection of Abraham with Ishmael and the victim's sto
From a long time ago the interpreters of Sunnite and Shiite theologians have had dispute over the meaning of Imam (leader) and his characteristics, and dignities of the Imamate. Of course, to prove their points of views the most important documents for both groups are the verses of the Holy Quran among which the most important verses that Shiite refer to is Chapter Baqara (2): Verse 124 which, among others, describes the difference between prophecy and the positions of the Imam’s leadership, of which the most important characteristics of the leader include the necessities of inward and outward chastity and thus the determining of the Imam by God Almighty, is concluded. The Shiites also take this verse as an invalidation of any lecher and
Poverty has been counted among the most notable socio-economic problems whose destructive and vast effects has provoked the policy-makers in different fields to suggest and perform various policies for destroying it. The first step of the policies lies in recognizing the poverty-stricken, the fact that given ambiguity in poverty limit may not be established. As is understood, the limit of poverty is also affected by different approaches of measuring poverty and its indicator. The paper, applying descriptive and analytical method, has intended to explain Imam Ali’s view on the limit of poverty and the agents affecting it. Imam Ali (a) has viewed the limit of poverty to be subsistent requirements for life, kifaf. The limit of poverty is con
A part of Ahl al-Bayt’s (A.S.) interpretation are their esoteric interpretations (ta’wīlī) traditions, which seem to be inconsistent with the current understanding of the verses of the Qur’ān. This part has since long ago been open to discussion; some have dealt with it with the aim of better understanding the Imam’s (A.S.) teachings, and some with the aim of rejecting and denigrating them. Naturally, the researcher’s criterion for studying and analyzing the traditions in any of the researches carried out has been different from others. Now, the questions arises as to what categories are the Ahl al-Byat’s (A.S.) ta’wīlī traditions divisible as based on the method and process of ta’wīlī (and not subject of ta’wīlī)
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